INGREDIENT

SUBSTITUTE

Baking Powder- 1 tsp =

1/4 tsp baking soda + 5/8 tsp cream of tarter
1/4 tsp baking soda + 1/2 cup buttermilk or Sour milk 1/4 tsp baking soda + 1/4 to 1/2  cup Molasses   

Balsamic Vinegar -
1 tablespoon  

1 tablespoon sherry or cider vinegar

Bay Leaf-
1/4 tsp crushed

1 whole bay leaf

Broth -1 cup

1 teaspoon instant chicken or beef bouillon granules plus 1 cup water.

Bread Crumbs,Dry -1/4 cup

 1 slice bread

Bread crumbs,Soft -1/4 cup

1 slice bread

Bread crumbs

Any unsweetened dry cereal crushed (corn flakes,wheat flakes or try potato flakes)

Brown sugar - 1 cup

1 cup granulated sugar & 2 tbsp. molasses.

Butter

Use 7/8 cup of solid shortening plus 1/2 teaspoon of salt.

Buttermilk or Sour milk - 1 cup

1 tablespoon lemon juice or white vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 cup. Let stand a few minutes. or use 1 cup plain yogurt

Cake Flour - 1 cup

1 cup minus 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour

Catsup or Chili Sauce - 1 cup

1 (8 oz.) can tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup brown sugar and 2 tablespoon vinegar

Celery, fresh -8 oz

 4 oz Celery flakes dry

Chocolate Substitutions -

1 oz. square unsweetened chocolate = 3 tablespoons cocoa powder plus 1 tablespoon vegetable shortening

1 (1 ounce) square semi-sweet chocolate = 3 tablespoons semi-sweet chocolate chips or 1 (1 ounce) square unsweetened chocolate (or equivalent from above) plus 1 tablespoon sugar.

1 (6 ounce) package semi-sweet chocolate chips = 6 (1 ounce) squares semi-sweet chocolate or 6 tablespoons cocoa powder plus 7 tablespoons sugar and 3 tablespoons vegetable shortening

1 (4 ounce) bar sweet baking chocolate = 1/4 cup cocoa powder plus 1/3 cup sugar and 3 tablespoons vegetable shortening.

1 envelope premelted chocolate = 3 tablespoons cocoa powder plus 1 tablespoon vegetable oil or melted vegetable shortening.

Cocoa - 3 tbsp

1 oz chocolate. Reduce fat on recipe by 1 tbsp

Cornstarch - 1 tablespoon

2 tablespoons flour or 4 teaspoons quick-cooking tapioca

Corn syrup (Light) - 1 cup

1 cup sugar plus 1/4 cup water

Corn syrup (Dark) - 1 cup

3/4 cup light corn syrup plus 1/4 cup molasses

 Cracker Crumbs - 3/4 cup

1 cup bread crumbs

Cream (heavy) - 1 cup

3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup butter

Cream, Half  &  Half
   (Whipping)

1 cup = 3/4 cup milk + 2-3 tbsp. fat or
1 cup = 3/4 cup milk + 1/3 cup fat or
1 cup = 2 cup whipped dessert topping

Cream Light -1 cup

 2 tbsp butter + 1 cup minus 2 tbsp milk

Eggs - 1 Large

2 egg whites or (For use in baking) Before starting recipe for cookies, cake, etc., combine 1 teaspoon unflavored gelatin with 3 tablespoons cold water and 2 tablespoons plus 1 teaspoon boiling water. This mixture will substitute for 1 egg in a recipe.

Flour, all purpose - 1 cup

1  1/3 oz quick cooking tapioca or 1/2 cup cornmeal or 2/3 oz cornstarch or 3/4 cup bread crumb

Flour, all purpose - 1 oz
   (thickening)

1  1/3 oz quick cooking tapioca or 1/2 cup cornmeal or  2/3 oz cornstarch or  3/4 cup bread crumbs

Fresh Snipped Herbs -1 tbsp. fresh snipped herbs

1 teaspoon dried herbs, crushed.  

Garlic Clove - 1 garlic clove

1/8 teaspoon garlic powder or 1/2 tsp dry minced garlic or 1/2 tsp garlic salt or 1/8 tsp dried onion powder or 1 tbsp dried onion rehydrated    

Ginger - 1 Tsp raw

1/8 tsp powdered

Green Peppers, chopped -
8 oz

1 oz green pepper flakes, dry

Herbs

One tablespoon fresh herb equals about 1 teaspoon dried herb

Honey - 1 cup

1-1/4 cups sugar plus 1/4 cup water or apple juice

Mayonnaise - 1 cup

1 cup. sour cream plus 1 tbsp. lemon juice

To substitute 1 cup of fresh milk, use 1/2 cup each of evaporated milk and water..
For 1 cup of whole milk, prepare 1 liquid cup of nonfat dry milk and 2 1/2 teaspoons butter or margarine.

Miracle Whip - 1 cup

1 cup. mayonnaise plus 1 tbsp. vinegar

Mushrooms - 6 oz

1/2 lb fresh

Mushrooms canned, drained,diced - 3 oz

1 lb fresh

Nut Substitute

Brown oatmeal in a small amount of butter or margarine

Onion - 1 small onion

1/8 teaspoon onion powder or 1 tablespoon dried minced onion

Parsley, fresh, chopped - 8 oz

3 oz parsley flakes, dry

Prepared Mustard - 1 tbsp.

1 teaspoon dry mustard.

Red and Green sweet pepper

Use canned pimientos

Shortening, melted - 1 cup

1 cup salad oil (DO NOT sub. 1 cup oil for 1 cup solid shortening)

Sugar, granulated - 1 cup

1 cup brown sugar,packed or
 1  1/3 cup brown sugar,unpacked or 
2 cup sifted powdered sugar or 
1 1/4 - 1 1/2 cup corn syrup less 1/4 - 1/2 cup liquid in recipe or 
1 cup honey less 1/4 cup liquid in recipe or
 1 1/3 cup molasses less 1/4 cup liquid in recipe

Superfine sugar

Process regular granulated sugar in your blender.

Sour cream (for cooking) - 1 cup

1 tablespoon lemon juice added to enough evaporated milk to make a cup. or
7/8 cup of buttermilk or
sour milk & 3 tbsp. butter.

Sour Milk - 1 cup

1 tbsp lemon juice or vinegar + sweet milk to make 1 c (let stand 5 min)

Sweetened Condensed Milk - 1 can =
1-1/8 c. dry milk powder
1/2 c. warm water
3/4 c. granulated sugar

Mix dry milk powder and warm water in top of double boiler over gently boiling water. Stir in sugar and stir until sugar is dissolved. Remove from double boiler and it's ready to use.

Sweetener- 1 packet= or 1/4 cup =

 2 tsp sugar 36 Packets
  1 1/2 cups sugar

Tapioca quick cooking -
1 tbsp

1 tbsp all-purpose flour (thickening)

Tomato Juice - 1 cup

1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water

Tomato sauce - 2 cups

2/3 cup tomato paste and 1 cup water.

Vanilla extract

Use grated lemon or orange rind for flavoring instead.
Or try a little cinnamon or nutmeg.

Whole milk - 1 cup

1/2 cup evaporated milk & 1/2 cup water.

Yeast, active - 1/4 oz (1 pkg) dry

1 cake compressed yeast

Yeast, active 1 oz

2 oz compressed

Yeast, instant

See manufacturer's directions for conversion from active dry to compressed

Allspice

Cinnamon; cassia; dash of nutmeg or mace; or dash of cloves

Aniseed

Fennel seed or a few drops anise extract

Cardamom

Ginger

Chili Powder

Dash bottled hot pepper sauce plus a combination of oregano and cumin

Cinnamon

Nutmeg or allspice (use only 1/4 if the amount)

Cloves

Allspice; cinnamon; or nutmeg

Cumin

Chili powder

Ginger

Allspice; cinnamon; mace; or nutmeg

Mace

Allspice; cinnamon; ginger; or nutmeg

Nutmeg

Cinnamon; ginger; or mace

Saffron

Dash turmeric (for color)

2 T Grand Marnier or other orange flavored liqueur

2 T orange juice & 1/2 tsp orange extract or 2 tbsp. orange juice concentrate

2 T rum or brandy

1/2 to 1 tsp rum or brandy extract or 2 tbsp. water, white grape juice or apple juice

2 T Amaretto or other almond-flavored liqueur

1/4 to 1/2 tsp almond extract

2 T bourbon

1 to 2 tsp vanilla extract

2 T sherry

1 to 2 tsp vanilla extract or 2 tbsp. pineapple or orange juice

2 T Kahlua or other coffee or chocolate-flavored liqueur

1/2 to 1 tsp chocolate extract plus 1/2 to 1 tsp instant coffee in 2 T water

1/4 C or more port, sweet sherry, rum, brandy or fruit-flavored liquor

equal measure of unsweetened orange juice or apple juice + 1 tsp of corresponding flavored extract or vanilla extract

1/4 C or more white wine

Equal measure of white grape juice, chicken broth, vegetable broth, claim juice or nonalcoholic wine. If using nonalcoholic wine, add T of vinegar to cut sweetness. OR Apple juice or carrot juice. Vegetable stock or Chicken stock straight or with a little white wine vinegar 1/2 cup rice vinegar and 1 tablespoon white grape juice.

1/4 C or more red wine

Equal measures of red grape juice, cranberry juice. cider, chicken or vegetable broth, clam juice, flavored vinegar or nonalcoholic wine. If using nonalcoholic wine, add T of vinegar to cut sweetness or 1/2 cup of grape juice with 2 teaspoons of red wine vinegar; 1/2 cup water and 2 teaspoons of balsamic vinegar. Beef stock or chicken stock straight or with a little red wine vinegar.

Kirsch

Syrup or juice from black cherries, raspberries, boysenberries, currants, grapes or cherry cider.

Cognac

Juice from peaches, apricots or pears

Cointreau

Orange juice, or frozen orange juice concentrate.

Creme De Menthe

Spearmint extract or oil of spearmint diluted with a little water or grapefruit juice.

Red Burgundy

Grape juice

White Burgundy

White grape juice

Champagne

Ginger Ale, sparkling grape juice.

Claret

Grape or currant juice, or syrup from cherry cider.

Flambe's Or Flaming Desserts

The only substitute that might be used is a sugar cube soaked in lemon extract, then set atop a dessert and burned.

Beer Or Ale

Chicken broth, white grape juice,  gingerale, or beef broth

Brandy

Apple cider, peach or apricot syrup.
or Apple juice, peach juice, white grape juice, pear juice.

Rum

Pineapple juice or syrup flavored with almond extract.

Sherry

Orange or pineapple juice.

Red Wine

(unsweeted) water, beef broth, bouillon or consommé, tomato juice (plain or diluted), diluted cider vinegar, or red wine vinegar, liquid drained from mushrooms.

White Wine

(unsweetnd) water, chicken broth, bouillon or consommé, ginger ale, white grape juice, diluted cider vinegar or white wine vinegar, liquid from canned mushrooms.

Marsala

Orange, peach or pear juice.

Orange Liqueur

Frozen orange juice concentrate.

Beer

Chicken broth, beef broth, ginger ale.

NOTE*** To cut sweetness of the syrups, dilute with water. Also use flavor extracts for interesting flavors.